(Revised for November 2021) Trees face many challenges to their continued growth and survival including pressure from overdevelopment, climate change, exotic pests/diseases, storms etc. In much of South Florida, trees face the added challenge of exposure to salt water during King Tide events, which typically occur between August and November of each year. King Tides are the highest tides of the year and can cause saltwater flooding of low-lying areas. Their occurrence corresponds to specific phases of the moon and can be exacerbated by other factors, such as storms.
Increased saltwater flooding can cause tree impacts including premature leaf drop, leaf burn, tree instability and, in some cases, complete death of the exposed tree. To combat the effects of King Tides on trees, the following are highly recommended for trees in locations vulnerable to tidal flooding:
- Planting of Florida native salt tolerant trees (i.e., Orange Geiger, Gumbo Limbo, Silver and Green Buttonwood, Southern Red Cedar);
- Utilization of planting methods such as Mounded Planting which elevates the tree's roots above grade and reduces saltwater exposure (reference image below); and
- Implementation of a tree maintenance plan that includes proper watering, pruning and fertilization to optimize tree health; and
- Flushing of the tree(s) root-ball with clean water to help remove any excess salt buildup.
Trees that are salt intolerant and/or stressed due to improper planting and maintenance are often the first to succumb to saltwater flooding events. For additional information on how to protect your trees and prepare for King Tides, please visit the following websites:
Mounded planting which can help protect newly planted trees from flooding and future grade changes.
Some examples of Florida Native Salt Tolerant Trees
Green Buttonwood Eastern Red Cedar
Gumbo Limbo Silver Buttonwood
Orange Geiger
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